【電商稅務專欄】無實體店面就不用繳稅?2025 年國稅局查稅手法與最新門檻全解析

隨著數位經濟的蓬勃發展,越來越多創業者利用社群平台(FB、IG)、個人網站或第三方支付經營網購、代購、微電商與直播販售。許多業者誤以為「沒有實體店面」或「使用個人帳戶收款」就能避開國稅局的目光。

事實上,國稅局早已升級查核技術,針對無實體店面業者布下了天羅地網。身為電商經營者,您必須了解國稅局現行的三大查核核心八大具體手法,以及 2025 年最新調高的起徵點

核心一:金流、物流、資訊流的「三流交叉比對」

電子商務凡走過必留下痕跡,國稅局透過重構交易路徑,讓隱匿的銷售額無所遁形。只要掌握其中一項數據異常,即可推估出業者的實際銷售額:

  1. 金流(資金軌跡): 國稅局可依法向銀行、第三方支付業者(如綠
                                    界、藍新)調閱信用卡刷卡、匯款及虛擬帳號
                                    的資金紀錄。
  2. 物流(貨物軌跡): 掌握四大超商取貨、快遞業者及物流公司的寄
                                    件紀錄,從「出貨量」反推「銷售量」。
  3. 資訊流(交易軌跡): 透過網路爬蟲抓取平台(蝦皮、露天、FB社
                                        團)的公開銷售頁面、評價數、喊單(+1)
                                        紀錄。
核心二:高頻交易與大數據警示機制

針對個人帳戶頻繁進出資金,財政部已建立明確的通報機制,主動鎖定潛在對象:

  1. 「高頻存入」帳戶通報(銀行端) 自 111 年起,銀行需定期將符合以
        下條件的「個人帳戶」資料通報國稅局,專門鎖定利用個人帳戶做生
        意卻未登記的業者:
  • 全年存入金額累積達 240 萬元
  • 且任 3 個月存入筆數達 200 筆
  1. 電子支付機構通報(支付端) 電子支付機構(如街口、一卡通 Money
      、悠遊付等)對於年收款超過 48 萬元 的用戶,依法需申報其實際收款
      人身分與交易資料。這意味著即使是小額交易,透過電子支付的紀錄也
        已完全透明化。
  2. 進口頻繁限制(海關端) 針對海外代購與跨境電商,海關系統會自動
      篩選「頻繁進口」對象(半年內進口超過 6 次)。若發現「金額多、數
      量多、品項多」且低報價格或頻繁拆單申報,將直接移交國稅局追補營
        業稅與所得稅。
核心三:AI 智慧選案與逆向查核
  1. 雲端發票與成本逆向推估 這是最難防範的一招。國稅局不只看你的收
      入,更看你的支出
  • 物流逆推: 透過你支付給物流公司的運費發票,除以平均運費,推算你的總出貨量。
  • 平台手續費逆推: 透過外送平台(Foodpanda, UberEats)或電商平台開立給賣家的「手續費發票」,直接反算總營業額。
  1. 網路爬蟲與 AI 機器學習 國稅局引進 AI 系統,針對熱門關鍵字進行搜
      尋,並利用爬蟲程式 24 小時監控社群平台。AI 可自動比對「粉絲互動
      數」與「申報銷售額」是否相當,並將同一賣家的多個分身帳號進行關
        聯歸戶。
必看!2025 年最新課稅門檻(114/1/1 起適用)

了解查稅手法後,最重要的是檢視自己是否達標。財政部已於 民國 114 年(2025年) 正式調高小規模營業人營業稅起徵點。請依據您的月平均銷售額判斷:

第一階段:暫時免稅(未達起徵點)
  • 銷售貨物(如網拍實體商品):每月未達 10 萬元
  • 銷售勞務(如代購服務費、直播主):每月未達 5 萬元
  • 義務: 在此金額以下,屬個人偶發交易或微型規模,得暫免辦理稅籍登記,也無須繳納營業稅。
第二階段:需登記,繳 1% 稅(小規模營業人)
  • 銷售貨物:10 萬元 ≦ 月銷售額 < 20 萬元。
  • 銷售勞務:5 萬元 ≦ 月銷售額 < 20 萬元。
  • 義務:
    1. 必須向國稅局辦理稅籍登記。
    2. 由國稅局核定稅額,稅率為 1%
    3. 通常免用統一發票(僅需開立普通收據)。
第三階段:需登記,繳 5% 稅(使用統一發票)
  • 銷售額門檻:月銷售額 ≧ 20 萬元
  • 義務:
    1. 必須辦理稅籍登記。
    2. 必須開立統一發票(含雲端發票)。
    3. 稅率為 5%,並需每兩個月申報一次營業稅(進項稅額可扣抵)。

 

會計師結語:合規經營是壯大的必經之路

新制雖然放寬了免稅門檻(貨物調至 10 萬、勞務調至 5 萬),但也意味著國稅局會更精準地鎖定那些「宣稱月收 8 萬,實則月收 30 萬」的隱匿者。

在數位足跡難以抹滅的時代,「誠實申報」是唯一的長久之道。若您的月營業額已接近 10 萬元(貨物)5 萬元(勞務) 的臨界點,建議提早諮詢專業會計師進行稅務規劃(如設立公司行號或申請免用統一發票),將稅務成本納入定價策略中,才能避免未來被連補帶罰,穩健地擴大您的電商版圖。

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Establishment of a Taiwan Branch by Foreign Entities: Process & Required Documents

1) Phase 1: Pre-operation Preparation and Qualification Review from Abroad

  1. Company Name Reservation and Scope of Business Pre-examination (Administration of Commerce, Ministry of Economic Affairs)
  • Priority must be given to the Chinese translation of the foreign parent company's name. The fixed format must prepend "Foreign Merchant [Nationality of Parent Company]" and append "Taiwan Branch" (e.g., Foreign Merchant ○○ Co., Ltd. Taiwan Branch).
  • Required items :1–3 proposed company names; 2–10 business items (negative list).
  1. Document Preparation for Foreign Parent Company
  • Required Documents :
    • Foreign Corporate Qualification Proof Documents (direct submission of official copies): Certificate of Corporate Qualification, official registration/declaration documents required for anti-money laundering (AML) as mentioned above, register of directors/shareholders, and copies of passports or identification documents of relevant personnel.
    • Foreign Capital Status Declaration: Must be physically signed by all relevant personnel, certifying that they do not hold Mainland China capital status and comply with laws and regulations (if the Person in Charge and the Manager are different people, both must sign separate forms).
    • Power of Attorney (POA): Must be stamped with a page-spanning seal (if different people, the POA must explicitly state the dual authorization text).
  • Direct Submission: Authorized signatories can sign and seal directly, and submit for review "without undergoing any notarization or legalization beforehand." In practice, there is a very high probability of direct approval and issuance of the Phase 1 Supplementation Letter. (Note: If the competent authority randomly checks and requests legalization later, you can then commission a local notary public and verify it through the overseas mission/office.)
  1. Submission of Phase 1 Registration: Requesting the "Operating Capital Supplementation Letter"
  • Process:Submit the approved Name Reservation Form, the identity documents of both parties mentioned above, the POA, and foreign corporate qualification proof documents to the "Administration of Commerce, Ministry of Economic Affairs" for review.
  • Result:Successfully obtain the "Phase 1 Supplementation Letter" from the Ministry of Economic Affairs.

2) Phase 2: Localizing Taiwan Identity and Bank Account Opening

  1. Obtaining the Visa and UI Number
  • Process:Process: The person opening the account in Taiwan (usually the Manager) applies for a Taiwan visa ➔ obtains a valid resident or visitor visa (or relevant entry/exit permit). After entering Taiwan (or via the online system), present the passport and relevant visa to the National Immigration Agency, Ministry of the Interior, to apply for the "Record of UI Number for Foreign Nationals."
  • Note: If the Person in Charge and the Manager are different people, the big boss remaining abroad (Person in Charge A) must still commission a Taiwan agent via paper documents to apply to the Immigration Agency for Person A's own "Record of UI Number." The UI numbers of both individuals must be ready at the time of submission.
  1. Pre-examination of Taipei City Business Premises Address and Signing Lease Agreement
  • Business Premises Address Pre-examination (Department of Urban Development / Building Administration Office): Taipei City strictly enforces land use zoning regulations. Before officially signing a lease agreement, make sure to submit an address pre-examination through the "Taipei City Commercial Office Business Premises Review System" to avoid failing registration later due to non-compliance, which could result in a total loss of high deposits, rent, and decoration costs.
  • Required items :Building Ownership Certificate or Building Registration Transcript (Category 2 Transcript).
  • Signing Lease:Formally sign a contract with the landlord after passing the pre-examination (the lease should state that it is for the branch office's business use).
  • Documents to Obtain:Building owner's consent letter and a copy of the latest house tax bill (or ownership certificate).
  1. Opening a Bank "Preparatory Office" Account for the Branch
  • Account Name:The format is fixed as "Foreign Merchant [Parent Company Name] Co., Ltd. Taiwan Branch Preparatory Office".
  • Required items :Required items: Original copy of the "Supplementation Letter" from the Administration of Commerce, the approved Company Name Reservation Form, original IDs of the account opener (passport, Record of UI Number, relevant visa), (if different people, add Person in Charge A's passport and Record of UI Number), original POA from the parent company explicitly authorizing account opening, parent company foreign corporate qualification proof documents, registers of shareholders/directors, ownership structure chart of ultimate beneficiaries, and the preparatory office small stamp for bank use (usually the Manager's personal stamp if they are different people).

3) Phase 3: Influx of Capital and CPA Certification

  1. Inward Remittance of "Operating Capital" and Foreign Exchange Settlement (Bank)
  • Process:Process: The foreign parent company account remits the operating capital into the preparatory office account in Taiwan.
  • Attention:During foreign exchange settlement, you must request and safely keep the "Inward Remittance Advice" and "Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum" (the nature of settlement must be marked as "310 Operating Capital"). The beneficiary name must perfectly match the branch office name.
  • Applying for Balance Certificate:On the day following the deposit of operating capital, apply to the bank for a Certificate of Deposit Balance.
  1. CPA Audit and Certification of Operating Capital
  • Legal Basis:According to Article 5 of the Regulations Governing Certified Public Accountants' Auditing and Certification of Registered Capital of Companies, the establishment of a branch office must be certified by a CPA.

Required items :Required items: Original Bank Certificate of Deposit Balance, copy of the preparatory office bankbook cover, stamped page, and inner pages (including remittance and settlement records), copies of the Inward Remittance Advice and Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum, copy of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Supplementation Letter, parent company foreign corporate qualification proof documents, and the branch office establishment registration form.

4) Phase 4: Final Approval and Launch of Daily Operations

  1. Submission of Phase 2 Supplementation ➔ Obtaining the Unified Business Number (UBN)
  • Process:Process: Return the "Inward Remittance Advice," "Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum," "CPA Capital Audit Report," along with the Records of UI Number, passports, ID copies of relevant personnel, and physically signed declarations/letters of undertaking to the Ministry of Economic Affairs for supplementation.
  • Result:Result: Officially receive the approval letter for the establishment of the foreign company's Taiwan branch and obtain the Unified Business Number (UBN).
  1. Business Registration (Tax Registration) (National Taxation Bureaus, Ministry of Finance)
  • Process:Process: Apply for tax registration at the local National Taxation Bureau branch or office where the branch is located to obtain the business tax filing status.
  1. Activation of Invoices
  • E-Invoices:Register on the Ministry of Finance's E-Invoice Integrated Service Platform and apply for e-invoice track numbers.
  • Paper Invoices:Apply to the National Taxation Bureau for a "Unified Invoice Purchasing Certificate" to purchase paper invoices.
  • Required items :Required items: Original approval letter from the Administration of Commerce, original company registration form, original tax registration approval letter, original dual IDs of the person in charge, official company stamps (large and small), invoice stamp, etc.
  1. Converting "Preparatory Account" into "Official Company Account" (Bank)
  • Process:Process: The account opener goes to the original bank to officially rename and convert the preparatory office account into an official branch office bank account. Only at this stage can funds be freely utilized.
  • Required items :Required items: Original approval letter from the Ministry of Economic Affairs, original branch office establishment registration form, copy of the tax registration approval letter, dual IDs of the account opener, and official corporate stamps (large and small).
  1. Subsequent Daily Operations Work
  • 14.1 Certification for Administration and Commerce (MOEACA IC Card):Apply at the MOEA Certification Authority for online tax filing, labor/health insurance, e-invoicing, and other operations.
  • 14.2 Import/Export Exporter/Importer Registration:If engaged in trading business, register with the International Trade Administration, Ministry of Economic Affairs. According to Article 4 of the Regulations Governing Registration of Exporters and Importers, the English name of the branch must indicate its nationality and branch status (e.g., must include the nationality name and the "Taiwan Branch" text), otherwise it will be rejected.
  • 14.3 Establishing Insured Units:Set up labor insurance, health insurance, and labor pension contribution accounts with the Bureau of Labor Insurance and the National Health Insurance Administration.
  • 14.4 Work Permit and Residency: Apply to the Ministry of Labor for a foreigner work permit for the branch manager. Once obtained, the manager can apply to or change their long-term Alien Residence Certificate (ARC) at the Immigration Agency to legally reside, work, and live in Taiwan.