繼承來的獲配股利要算誰的?看「這一天」決定是繳遺產稅還是綜所稅!

一、給繼承人看得懂的一段話摘要

爸媽過世留下股票,之後收到的現金股利,到底算遺產還是繼承人的收入?

財政部北區國稅局給出唯一判斷標準:看「除權(息)交易日」是在過世之前還是之後。

  • 除息日在過世前: 這筆錢算爸爸的「遺產」,要繳遺產稅。
  • 除息日在過世後: 這筆錢算子女的「所得」,要繳綜合所得稅。

千萬別以為「錢是過世後才匯進戶頭」就自動算是子女的!

二、重點整理:兩個時間點決定課稅方式

判斷的關鍵不在於「錢什麼時候入帳(發放日)」,而在於「權利什麼時候取得(除息日)」。

【一秒判斷表:股利歸屬誰?】

Item 情況 A:除息日在死亡日「之前」 情況 B:除息日在死亡日「之後」
時間軸 除息日死亡日 ➝ 發放日 死亡日除息日 ➝ 發放日
權利狀態 往生者生前已取得領取權利,只是還沒入帳。 往生時尚未除息,權利尚未發生;由繼承股票的人享有。
財產屬性 遺產債權 (應收股利) 投資所得 (股利所得)
申報稅目 遺產稅 綜合所得稅
納稅義務人 被繼承人 (併入遺產總額) 繼承人 (誰繼承股票就算誰的)

官方實例解析

案例一:先除息、後過世 (繳遺產稅)

  • 時間點: A 公司 6/20 除息 ➝ 甲君 7/1 過世 ➝ A 公司 7/18 發錢
  • 解析: 雖然錢是過世後才發,但 6/20 除息時甲君還沒過世,這筆股
                利是他「該拿而沒拿」的錢,屬於「對公司的債權」。
  • 結果: 必須列入甲君的遺產總額申報。

案例二:先過世、後除息 (繳綜所稅)

  • 時間點: 乙君 6/1 過世 ➝ A 公司 6/20 除息 ➝ A 公司 7/18 發錢
  • 解析: 乙君過世當下,股票還沒除息。後來除息產生的股利,是股票
                的新主人(繼承人)所享有的孳息。
  • 結果: 繼承人拿到這筆錢,要併入自己的綜合所得稅申報。

三、會計師小提醒

  1. 最大的誤區:只看「發放日」

很多家屬直覺認為:「錢匯進來的時候爸爸已經不在了,這當然是我的錢啊!」

錯! 稅法看的是「除權(息)交易日」。只要除息日那天長輩還健在,那筆股利就是他的遺產。請務必去查詢該檔股票當年度的除息日期。

  1. 申報遺產稅的「隱形地雷」

如果是情況 A(屬遺產),在填寫遺產稅申報書時,除了把「股票」填進去,千萬別忘了多填一筆「應收股利」的債權。

很多繼承人漏了這筆,結果被國稅局視為漏報遺產,除了補稅還會被罰鍰。

  1. 稅負成本大不同
  • 遺產稅: 稅率 10% 起跳(有免稅額及扣除額)。
  • 綜所稅: 股利所得可能採 28% 分開計稅,或併入綜所稅累進稅率(最高 40%)。
    如果股利金額龐大,被歸類為「遺產」還是「所得」,對荷包的影響可能差很多。在申報前確認清楚,才能避免日後爭議。
  1. 現金與股票股利都適用嗎?

    是的,判斷邏輯完全相同。 差別只在於專有名詞:現金股利看**「除息日」,股票股利看「除權日」。 特別注意的是,若是「股票股利」被歸類為繼承人的所得,依現行稅法,通常是以「面額(每股 10 元)」**計算所得額,而非以市價計算,這在申報綜合所得稅時會有很大的稅基差異。

 

四、相關法令整理

法規名稱 相關條文 重點說明
遺產及贈與稅法 第 1 條、第 14 條 遺產範圍

被繼承人死亡時遺留之財產(含動產、不動產及其他一切有財產價值之權利,如應收債權)皆屬遺產。

所得稅法 第 14 條 營利所得

公司股東所獲分配之股利,屬個人綜合所得稅之營利所得類別。



五、官方新聞稿原文

(以下內容引用自財政部北區國稅局新聞稿,實際適用仍以主管機關最新公告為準)

標題:繼承上市(櫃)股票所獲配的股利,該如何報稅?

財政部北區國稅局表示,被繼承人死亡時所遺留的上市、上櫃公司股票,依照遺產及贈與稅法規定,屬被繼承人的遺產,應申報遺產稅,至於繼承人於被繼承人死亡日之後,收到上市、上櫃公司發放的股利,應確認「繼承事實發生日」與「上市(櫃)股票除權(息)交易日」2個時點的先後順序,按「被繼承人遺產債權(應收股利)」或「繼承人股利所得」申報納稅。

該局舉例說明,

(例一): 甲君於113年7月1日死亡,遺有A上市公司股票,A公司公告的除息交易日為113年6月20日,股利發放日為113年7月18日。甲君死亡時,A公司股票已公告除息,因公告的除息交易日在甲君死亡日之前,甲君取得配發現金股利的權利,該應領未領的現金股利,屬被繼承人甲君的遺產債權,繼承人應按債權額併入甲君遺產總額申報遺產稅。

(例二): 乙君於113年6月1日死亡,遺有A上市公司股票,因A公司公告的除息交易日113年6月20日,係在乙君死亡日之後,A公司113年7月18日發放的現金股利,屬於繼承人的股利所得,應由繼承人依法辦妥遺產分割,再併入繼承該股票的繼承人領取股利年度之綜合所得稅申報。

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Establishment of a Taiwan Branch by Foreign Entities: Process & Required Documents

1) Phase 1: Pre-operation Preparation and Qualification Review from Abroad

  1. Company Name Reservation and Scope of Business Pre-examination (Administration of Commerce, Ministry of Economic Affairs)
  • Priority must be given to the Chinese translation of the foreign parent company's name. The fixed format must prepend "Foreign Merchant [Nationality of Parent Company]" and append "Taiwan Branch" (e.g., Foreign Merchant ○○ Co., Ltd. Taiwan Branch).
  • Required items :1–3 proposed company names; 2–10 business items (negative list).
  1. Document Preparation for Foreign Parent Company
  • Required Documents :
    • Foreign Corporate Qualification Proof Documents (direct submission of official copies): Certificate of Corporate Qualification, official registration/declaration documents required for anti-money laundering (AML) as mentioned above, register of directors/shareholders, and copies of passports or identification documents of relevant personnel.
    • Foreign Capital Status Declaration: Must be physically signed by all relevant personnel, certifying that they do not hold Mainland China capital status and comply with laws and regulations (if the Person in Charge and the Manager are different people, both must sign separate forms).
    • Power of Attorney (POA): Must be stamped with a page-spanning seal (if different people, the POA must explicitly state the dual authorization text).
  • Direct Submission: Authorized signatories can sign and seal directly, and submit for review "without undergoing any notarization or legalization beforehand." In practice, there is a very high probability of direct approval and issuance of the Phase 1 Supplementation Letter. (Note: If the competent authority randomly checks and requests legalization later, you can then commission a local notary public and verify it through the overseas mission/office.)
  1. Submission of Phase 1 Registration: Requesting the "Operating Capital Supplementation Letter"
  • Process:Submit the approved Name Reservation Form, the identity documents of both parties mentioned above, the POA, and foreign corporate qualification proof documents to the "Administration of Commerce, Ministry of Economic Affairs" for review.
  • Result:Successfully obtain the "Phase 1 Supplementation Letter" from the Ministry of Economic Affairs.

2) Phase 2: Localizing Taiwan Identity and Bank Account Opening

  1. Obtaining the Visa and UI Number
  • Process:Process: The person opening the account in Taiwan (usually the Manager) applies for a Taiwan visa ➔ obtains a valid resident or visitor visa (or relevant entry/exit permit). After entering Taiwan (or via the online system), present the passport and relevant visa to the National Immigration Agency, Ministry of the Interior, to apply for the "Record of UI Number for Foreign Nationals."
  • Note: If the Person in Charge and the Manager are different people, the big boss remaining abroad (Person in Charge A) must still commission a Taiwan agent via paper documents to apply to the Immigration Agency for Person A's own "Record of UI Number." The UI numbers of both individuals must be ready at the time of submission.
  1. Pre-examination of Taipei City Business Premises Address and Signing Lease Agreement
  • Business Premises Address Pre-examination (Department of Urban Development / Building Administration Office): Taipei City strictly enforces land use zoning regulations. Before officially signing a lease agreement, make sure to submit an address pre-examination through the "Taipei City Commercial Office Business Premises Review System" to avoid failing registration later due to non-compliance, which could result in a total loss of high deposits, rent, and decoration costs.
  • Required items :Building Ownership Certificate or Building Registration Transcript (Category 2 Transcript).
  • Signing Lease:Formally sign a contract with the landlord after passing the pre-examination (the lease should state that it is for the branch office's business use).
  • Documents to Obtain:Building owner's consent letter and a copy of the latest house tax bill (or ownership certificate).
  1. Opening a Bank "Preparatory Office" Account for the Branch
  • Account Name:The format is fixed as "Foreign Merchant [Parent Company Name] Co., Ltd. Taiwan Branch Preparatory Office".
  • Required items :Required items: Original copy of the "Supplementation Letter" from the Administration of Commerce, the approved Company Name Reservation Form, original IDs of the account opener (passport, Record of UI Number, relevant visa), (if different people, add Person in Charge A's passport and Record of UI Number), original POA from the parent company explicitly authorizing account opening, parent company foreign corporate qualification proof documents, registers of shareholders/directors, ownership structure chart of ultimate beneficiaries, and the preparatory office small stamp for bank use (usually the Manager's personal stamp if they are different people).

3) Phase 3: Influx of Capital and CPA Certification

  1. Inward Remittance of "Operating Capital" and Foreign Exchange Settlement (Bank)
  • Process:Process: The foreign parent company account remits the operating capital into the preparatory office account in Taiwan.
  • Attention:During foreign exchange settlement, you must request and safely keep the "Inward Remittance Advice" and "Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum" (the nature of settlement must be marked as "310 Operating Capital"). The beneficiary name must perfectly match the branch office name.
  • Applying for Balance Certificate:On the day following the deposit of operating capital, apply to the bank for a Certificate of Deposit Balance.
  1. CPA Audit and Certification of Operating Capital
  • Legal Basis:According to Article 5 of the Regulations Governing Certified Public Accountants' Auditing and Certification of Registered Capital of Companies, the establishment of a branch office must be certified by a CPA.

Required items :Required items: Original Bank Certificate of Deposit Balance, copy of the preparatory office bankbook cover, stamped page, and inner pages (including remittance and settlement records), copies of the Inward Remittance Advice and Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum, copy of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Supplementation Letter, parent company foreign corporate qualification proof documents, and the branch office establishment registration form.

4) Phase 4: Final Approval and Launch of Daily Operations

  1. Submission of Phase 2 Supplementation ➔ Obtaining the Unified Business Number (UBN)
  • Process:Process: Return the "Inward Remittance Advice," "Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum," "CPA Capital Audit Report," along with the Records of UI Number, passports, ID copies of relevant personnel, and physically signed declarations/letters of undertaking to the Ministry of Economic Affairs for supplementation.
  • Result:Result: Officially receive the approval letter for the establishment of the foreign company's Taiwan branch and obtain the Unified Business Number (UBN).
  1. Business Registration (Tax Registration) (National Taxation Bureaus, Ministry of Finance)
  • Process:Process: Apply for tax registration at the local National Taxation Bureau branch or office where the branch is located to obtain the business tax filing status.
  1. Activation of Invoices
  • E-Invoices:Register on the Ministry of Finance's E-Invoice Integrated Service Platform and apply for e-invoice track numbers.
  • Paper Invoices:Apply to the National Taxation Bureau for a "Unified Invoice Purchasing Certificate" to purchase paper invoices.
  • Required items :Required items: Original approval letter from the Administration of Commerce, original company registration form, original tax registration approval letter, original dual IDs of the person in charge, official company stamps (large and small), invoice stamp, etc.
  1. Converting "Preparatory Account" into "Official Company Account" (Bank)
  • Process:Process: The account opener goes to the original bank to officially rename and convert the preparatory office account into an official branch office bank account. Only at this stage can funds be freely utilized.
  • Required items :Required items: Original approval letter from the Ministry of Economic Affairs, original branch office establishment registration form, copy of the tax registration approval letter, dual IDs of the account opener, and official corporate stamps (large and small).
  1. Subsequent Daily Operations Work
  • 14.1 Certification for Administration and Commerce (MOEACA IC Card):Apply at the MOEA Certification Authority for online tax filing, labor/health insurance, e-invoicing, and other operations.
  • 14.2 Import/Export Exporter/Importer Registration:If engaged in trading business, register with the International Trade Administration, Ministry of Economic Affairs. According to Article 4 of the Regulations Governing Registration of Exporters and Importers, the English name of the branch must indicate its nationality and branch status (e.g., must include the nationality name and the "Taiwan Branch" text), otherwise it will be rejected.
  • 14.3 Establishing Insured Units:Set up labor insurance, health insurance, and labor pension contribution accounts with the Bureau of Labor Insurance and the National Health Insurance Administration.
  • 14.4 Work Permit and Residency: Apply to the Ministry of Labor for a foreigner work permit for the branch manager. Once obtained, the manager can apply to or change their long-term Alien Residence Certificate (ARC) at the Immigration Agency to legally reside, work, and live in Taiwan.