Service

營業稅 × 平台銷售 × 金流控管

我們協助本地與跨境電商建立可長期營運的財稅架構,解決從前台接單到後台出帳的各項財務挑戰:

◎ 處理多平台銷售(如蝦皮、momo、PChome、Shopify)之營業稅與發票開立策略
◎ 協助金流與出貨資料整合至帳務系統,打造自動化對帳流程
◎ 規劃跨境交易(零稅率)與境內應稅銷售分離報表
◎ 提供成本、存貨、折讓、退貨等項目的稅務處理與帳務建議
◎ 支援電商公司法人設立、稅務申報、營所稅結算與財務報表製作

特別適用對象:
自有品牌經營者/多平台販售商家/境外平台在台分公司/跨境電商創業者

電商產業FAQ

設立前規劃與工商登記
Q1:網路賣家什麼時候要向國稅局申請稅籍登記?

當月銷售額達起徵點時,必須辦理稅籍登記。

  • 銷售貨物: 當月銷售額達 新臺幣 10 萬元。
  • 銷售勞務: 當月銷售額達 新臺幣 5 萬元。
Q2:網路賣家的營業項目要登記哪些才夠用?

為確保涵蓋線上銷售及未來的擴展性,建議登記以下核心及通用項目:

  • 核心業務: 國際貿易業 (處理跨境進出口)、無店面零售業 (網路銷售必備)、電子資訊供應服務業 (適用於架設網站及平台)。
  • 服務類: 資訊服務業 (適用於代營運、維護網站或系統服務)。
  • 商品類: 依據您實際銷售的商品,選擇對應的批發/零售業項目。
  • 通用項目: 增設 「除許可業務外,得經營法令非禁止或限制之業務」,以增加公司未來業務的彈性。
Q3:電商如果有多個品牌、多個網站,需要多開公司嗎?

不一定。法律上可以一家公司底下有多個品牌、網站、賣場帳號;但若你有「不同股東組合、不同分潤安排、不同風險」的考量,就可能需要分公司或多家公司來切割。這部分比較偏「商業與股權規劃」,可以先畫出收入流向、成本分攤、股東分潤,再決定組織架構。

Q4:稅籍登記時,有哪些是需要主動揭露的?

您需主動向國稅局揭露網路銷售資訊,並公開揭示於銷售頁面。

  • 向國稅局揭露: 若有自架網站,提供「網域名稱及網路位址」;若在平台販售,提供「會員帳號」。
  • 向消費者揭露 (新制): 必須於銷售網站(頁)明顯位置,主動揭露**「營業人名稱」「統一編號」**。
Q5:我用自家地址設立登記公司行號,房屋稅地價稅會調漲嗎?

原則上會調漲,因為稅率會轉為營業用。

  • 例外: 若您實際交易均於網路交易平台完成,且該房屋未供辦公或堆置貨物等其他營業使用,則可申請仍按住家用稅率課徵。
Q6:個人於網路銷售二手貨物如何判斷是否屬營業稅課稅範圍?

判斷標準在於是否以「營利為目的」。

  • 若屬個人偶爾出售自己使用過的不需用品,非以營利為目的,則不屬於營業稅課稅範圍。
  • 若採進銷貨方式經營,持續性、營利性地買賣二手貨,則視同營利行為,需依規定辦理稅籍登記。
發票與營業稅申報
Q1:在蝦皮、momo、PChome、自己官網賣東西,誰要開發票?我還要再開一次嗎?

要看實際交易關係:

  • 如果平台只是「媒合」角色(你是賣家,消費者付錢給你),通常是你開發票給消費者。
  • 有些平台是「統一開立發票」,平台對消費者開發票,再對你開扣款或服務費發票。

重點提醒: 每家平台規則不同,剛開始合作時一定要問清楚「誰對誰開發票」,不然很容易發票亂掉、營業額認列錯誤。

Q2:請問網路個人賣家何時要課營業稅?

以營利為目的,在我國境內透過網路銷售貨物或勞務,且當月銷售額達起徵點時,即須課徵。

  • 未達發票門檻(小規模): 銷售額 10 萬至 20 萬元。營業稅率為銷售額的 1%,由國稅局按季開徵。
  • 達發票門檻(一般營業人): 每月銷售額超過 20 萬元時,須依法使用統一發票,營業稅率為 5%。
Q3:請問我何時需要開始使用統一發票?

每月銷售額持續超過新臺幣 20 萬元時,即必須向國稅局申請使用統一發票。

Q4:電商的營業稅申報,是照「金流」還是照「出貨/開立發票」?

營業稅申報基本上是照「發票開立」與「貨物交付」的時間點。金流(例如平台撥款日)只是收款時間,不等於銷售日。

實務上: 你賣出商品 → 應在合理時間內開發票 → 這一筆就會進入當期營業稅申報。 平台再隔一段時間才撥款,會和你的稅務時點錯開,帳務上要做好「應收款」的對帳。

Q5:電商一定要用電子發票嗎?還可以用紙本三聯嗎?

現在政策趨勢是鼓勵電商用電子發票,對於多筆小額交易也方便很多。部分平台直接綁定電子發票系統,如果你想自己開紙本發票,多半會非常不方便,且未必符合平台規範。
實務上,只要是電商,我們都會強烈建議一開始就導入電子發票,把流程設計好。

Q6:網拍的發票應於何時寄出?

建議於鑑賞期過後再行寄出。 考量消費者收到商品後有 7 日的猶豫期(鑑賞期),發貨時開立的統一發票可於鑑賞期過後再行寄出,以避免後續大量退貨的折讓處理。

Q7:如果買家棄標或結標後買方討價還價以致降價出售,如何處理這部分銷售額?

網路賣家必須對此部分資料盡到「舉證」義務。

  • 應保留憑證: 網頁上的評價資料、拍賣網站出具的證明或買家匯款資料等,皆可作為證明實際銷售額的依據。。
Q8:電商常辦滿額折扣、店家吸收運費、點數回饋,這些要怎麼處理稅務?

大方向是:

  • 滿額折扣與店家吸收運費: 通常視為「銷貨折讓」或「促銷費用」,發票金額需調整。
  • 點數回饋: 牽涉未來折抵時的收入調整。

重點: 具體做法會因平台機制而異,關鍵是「系統要記得出自哪一筆交易」,讓會計師有資料可以整理,而不是「全部混在一起看不出來」。

Q9:做直播電商,現場收款、送贈品、抽獎,這些要怎麼算?
  • 現場收款賣貨: 一樣是銷售收入,要開發票。
  • 贈品(附贈商品): 要注意是否產生「視同銷售」或成本列支問題。
  • 抽獎(獎品): 可能涉及稅法上的「贈品/獎品」,超過一定金額要列載、開扣繳憑單。

直播電商的流程多變,一開始就要跟會計師討論「標準流程」怎麼設計,比較不會一團亂。

Q10:我從淘寶進口貨物,如何課徵營業稅?(快遞 vs 郵包)

二種方式皆需報關,由海關代徵 5% 營業稅,但處理方式不同:

  • 空運快遞: 完稅價格 50,000 元以下,快遞業者會先行代繳營業稅,再向買方收取。
  • 進口郵包: 離岸價格(FOB)美金 5,000 元以下,由海關核發稅單,連同郵包交由郵局送達並代收稅款。
Q11:網路代購業者應該如何開立發票?

代購業者必須將收入區分,分別開立二張發票

  • 代購費: 佣金收入(屬於銷售勞務)。
  • 代購貨物或勞務: 實際價格(屬於代購主體)。
    此外,需訂明契約以明確區分兩者。
Q12:海外顧客在我的官網下單,運到國外,這種要不要開發票?營業稅要怎麼報?

只要是台灣公司對外銷售貨物,原則上仍要開立發票,只是可以依規定申請「零稅率」或「免稅」的處理,前提是備齊出口證明文件。

如果是「純數位商品」或「線上服務」賣給境外客戶,稅務認定會再更細,可能涉及境外電商規定,需要個案判斷。

Q13:境內買家向境外電商購買電子勞務,如何課徵營業稅?

區分買家性質,稅務責任不同:

  • 境內買家為自然人(B2C): 境外電商年銷售額逾 NT$48 萬元者,須在臺辦理稅籍登記並報繳營業稅。境內自然人免予繳納。
  • 境內買家為營業人(B2B): 買家須在給付報酬時,自行申報並繳納營業稅(或依比例計算報繳,若專供應稅使用則免繳)。
收入成本認列與帳務處理
Q1:我從淘寶進口貨物,請問多少錢以下免稅?進口頻繁如何認定?

進口貨物完稅價格在 2,000 元以內者,免徵關稅、貨物稅及營業稅。

  • 進口頻繁認定: 若半年內進口超過 6 次以上,即不再享有此進口免稅的資格。
Q2:平台收的「成交手續費、廣告費」有發票給我嗎?我要怎麼做帳?

正常來說,平台會開「服務費發票」給你,你可以認列為費用。要留意的是:

  • 有些平台是境外公司,開的是境外憑證,涉及「扣繳 / 外國營利事業所得」與「不得扣抵進項」等問題。
  • 有些平台在台有分公司或代理人,會開台灣發票。

建議每個平台都把發票與對帳單下載存好,交給會計師一起設計對帳流程。

Q3:電商存貨怎麼管理?可以都當費用,不列存貨嗎?

如果你是有囤貨、進貨再販賣的模式,原則上應該要有「存貨」帳,期末要盤點存貨金額,算出銷貨成本。
少量、自接單才叫貨、或短期集單的情況,有時國稅局會容許你直接以「進貨全額當期費用」,但長期來看,還是用正常的存貨制度比較安全,也有利於掌握毛利。

Q4:電商資料都在平台後台,我需要額外備份帳務資料嗎?

非常建議要。平台後台資料通常會有下載期限,且格式不一定符合會計需求。
實務上會建議:

  • 定期下載訂單、對帳單、發票資料。

  • 匯入到自己的系統或至少整理成標準 Excel。

這不只是為了報稅,也是為了自己的經營分析、遇到平台問題時有證據。

節稅規劃
Q1:在家經營網拍,房屋稅可以申請住家用稅率嗎?

可以,但須滿足以下要件:

  • 實際營業活動全由行動裝置完成。
  • 未僱用員工。
  • 未存放與營業活動相關的設備及物品。
Q2:若網拍賣家採取哪些行為,可能可規避被上繳資料或查稅?

主要目的是分散金流,避免觸發高頻交易門檻:

  • 增開多個銀行帳戶,分散貨款存入。
  • 透過電子支付機構的儲值帳戶(如 Line Pay Money)進行收付。
  • 多以面交、現金交易為主。
其他常見問題
Q1:國稅局是如何從金流查稅的?什麼是高頻交易案件?

國稅局主要透過金融機關上傳資料,鎖定「高頻存入帳戶」。
高頻交易案件判斷標準: 同一人同一戶在同一年同時符合以下兩項條件:

  • 排除非銷售性質交易項目後,存轉匯入金額達 240 萬元(每月平均 20 萬元)。
  • 一年之中有任意 3 個月的存轉匯入筆數達 200 筆。
Q2:什麼是金融系統辨識自動排除非銷售性質交易項目?

這是國稅局為精確鎖定網路賣家而排除的非銷售性質收入。

  • 常見類型: 薪資、津貼、獎金、政府補助款、信貸、保險給付、利息收入、外匯結退匯、繼承款項、同一人金融帳戶間轉匯款項等。
Q3:網路賣家未辦稅籍登記即銷售貨物,國稅局將如何處罰?應如何爭取減罰?

後果是「補稅」與「罰鍰」並行,且罰鍰採「擇一從重」原則。爭取減罰的關鍵在於儘速繳清本稅。

1.營業稅(本稅與罰鍰)

  • 本稅(補稅): 依查得銷售額補繳 5% 營業稅(若無進項,補稅金額會很高)。
  • 減罰策略: 若能繳清本稅(補繳營業稅),可向國稅局爭取將罰鍰減輕至漏稅額的 0.5 倍。

2.所得稅(本稅與罰鍰)

  • 本稅(補稅): 國稅局會按銷售額設算營利所得(例如按 6% 或 8% 同業利潤率)併入個人綜所稅計算。
  • 罰鍰: 依《所得稅法》第 110 條,對漏報的營利所得稅額加罰罰鍰(常見為 1 倍)。

3.減罰時效(唯一不罰): 僅有在當月銷售額達起徵點的次月月底前自動補報補繳,或在次月月底前經查獲後補辦稅籍登記者,才可爭取到僅補稅不罰的寬容。

Q4:國稅局會怎麼查電商?我應該特別注意什麼?

電商查核常見幾個重點:

  • 平台營業額 vs 申報營業額是否相符。
  • 退貨、折扣是否有憑證、金流是否有對應。
  • 存貨是否合理(不會帳上沒貨、實際一堆貨)。
  • 跨境收款帳戶是否有漏報收入。

提示: 只要一開始流程設計好、帳務規則清楚,電商其實是「最有資料可以查清楚的一種行業」,反過來說,如果亂記,很容易被發現。

Q5:網路賣家如何被國稅局鎖定查稅?

主要透過以下三個層面:

  • 鎖定目標: 透過 FB 關鍵字熱度搜尋、網路輿情分析,鎖定特定知名賣家。
  • 金流追蹤: 透過知名賣家 ID,向蝦皮、露天等電商平台取得金流資訊(包含交易明細、服務費、運費等)。
  • 銀行比對: 確認該賣家是否符合「高頻交易帳戶」標準,進行實際銷貨所得的查核。
Scroll to Top

Establishment of a Taiwan Branch by Foreign Entities: Process & Required Documents

1) Phase 1: Pre-operation Preparation and Qualification Review from Abroad

  1. Company Name Reservation and Scope of Business Pre-examination (Administration of Commerce, Ministry of Economic Affairs)
  • Priority must be given to the Chinese translation of the foreign parent company's name. The fixed format must prepend "Foreign Merchant [Nationality of Parent Company]" and append "Taiwan Branch" (e.g., Foreign Merchant ○○ Co., Ltd. Taiwan Branch).
  • Required items :1–3 proposed company names; 2–10 business items (negative list).
  1. Document Preparation for Foreign Parent Company
  • Required Documents :
    • Foreign Corporate Qualification Proof Documents (direct submission of official copies): Certificate of Corporate Qualification, official registration/declaration documents required for anti-money laundering (AML) as mentioned above, register of directors/shareholders, and copies of passports or identification documents of relevant personnel.
    • Foreign Capital Status Declaration: Must be physically signed by all relevant personnel, certifying that they do not hold Mainland China capital status and comply with laws and regulations (if the Person in Charge and the Manager are different people, both must sign separate forms).
    • Power of Attorney (POA): Must be stamped with a page-spanning seal (if different people, the POA must explicitly state the dual authorization text).
  • Direct Submission: Authorized signatories can sign and seal directly, and submit for review "without undergoing any notarization or legalization beforehand." In practice, there is a very high probability of direct approval and issuance of the Phase 1 Supplementation Letter. (Note: If the competent authority randomly checks and requests legalization later, you can then commission a local notary public and verify it through the overseas mission/office.)
  1. Submission of Phase 1 Registration: Requesting the "Operating Capital Supplementation Letter"
  • Process:Submit the approved Name Reservation Form, the identity documents of both parties mentioned above, the POA, and foreign corporate qualification proof documents to the "Administration of Commerce, Ministry of Economic Affairs" for review.
  • Result:Successfully obtain the "Phase 1 Supplementation Letter" from the Ministry of Economic Affairs.

2) Phase 2: Localizing Taiwan Identity and Bank Account Opening

  1. Obtaining the Visa and UI Number
  • Process:Process: The person opening the account in Taiwan (usually the Manager) applies for a Taiwan visa ➔ obtains a valid resident or visitor visa (or relevant entry/exit permit). After entering Taiwan (or via the online system), present the passport and relevant visa to the National Immigration Agency, Ministry of the Interior, to apply for the "Record of UI Number for Foreign Nationals."
  • Note: If the Person in Charge and the Manager are different people, the big boss remaining abroad (Person in Charge A) must still commission a Taiwan agent via paper documents to apply to the Immigration Agency for Person A's own "Record of UI Number." The UI numbers of both individuals must be ready at the time of submission.
  1. Pre-examination of Taipei City Business Premises Address and Signing Lease Agreement
  • Business Premises Address Pre-examination (Department of Urban Development / Building Administration Office): Taipei City strictly enforces land use zoning regulations. Before officially signing a lease agreement, make sure to submit an address pre-examination through the "Taipei City Commercial Office Business Premises Review System" to avoid failing registration later due to non-compliance, which could result in a total loss of high deposits, rent, and decoration costs.
  • Required items :Building Ownership Certificate or Building Registration Transcript (Category 2 Transcript).
  • Signing Lease:Formally sign a contract with the landlord after passing the pre-examination (the lease should state that it is for the branch office's business use).
  • Documents to Obtain:Building owner's consent letter and a copy of the latest house tax bill (or ownership certificate).
  1. Opening a Bank "Preparatory Office" Account for the Branch
  • Account Name:The format is fixed as "Foreign Merchant [Parent Company Name] Co., Ltd. Taiwan Branch Preparatory Office".
  • Required items :Required items: Original copy of the "Supplementation Letter" from the Administration of Commerce, the approved Company Name Reservation Form, original IDs of the account opener (passport, Record of UI Number, relevant visa), (if different people, add Person in Charge A's passport and Record of UI Number), original POA from the parent company explicitly authorizing account opening, parent company foreign corporate qualification proof documents, registers of shareholders/directors, ownership structure chart of ultimate beneficiaries, and the preparatory office small stamp for bank use (usually the Manager's personal stamp if they are different people).

3) Phase 3: Influx of Capital and CPA Certification

  1. Inward Remittance of "Operating Capital" and Foreign Exchange Settlement (Bank)
  • Process:Process: The foreign parent company account remits the operating capital into the preparatory office account in Taiwan.
  • Attention:During foreign exchange settlement, you must request and safely keep the "Inward Remittance Advice" and "Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum" (the nature of settlement must be marked as "310 Operating Capital"). The beneficiary name must perfectly match the branch office name.
  • Applying for Balance Certificate:On the day following the deposit of operating capital, apply to the bank for a Certificate of Deposit Balance.
  1. CPA Audit and Certification of Operating Capital
  • Legal Basis:According to Article 5 of the Regulations Governing Certified Public Accountants' Auditing and Certification of Registered Capital of Companies, the establishment of a branch office must be certified by a CPA.

Required items :Required items: Original Bank Certificate of Deposit Balance, copy of the preparatory office bankbook cover, stamped page, and inner pages (including remittance and settlement records), copies of the Inward Remittance Advice and Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum, copy of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Supplementation Letter, parent company foreign corporate qualification proof documents, and the branch office establishment registration form.

4) Phase 4: Final Approval and Launch of Daily Operations

  1. Submission of Phase 2 Supplementation ➔ Obtaining the Unified Business Number (UBN)
  • Process:Process: Return the "Inward Remittance Advice," "Foreign Exchange Purchase Memorandum," "CPA Capital Audit Report," along with the Records of UI Number, passports, ID copies of relevant personnel, and physically signed declarations/letters of undertaking to the Ministry of Economic Affairs for supplementation.
  • Result:Result: Officially receive the approval letter for the establishment of the foreign company's Taiwan branch and obtain the Unified Business Number (UBN).
  1. Business Registration (Tax Registration) (National Taxation Bureaus, Ministry of Finance)
  • Process:Process: Apply for tax registration at the local National Taxation Bureau branch or office where the branch is located to obtain the business tax filing status.
  1. Activation of Invoices
  • E-Invoices:Register on the Ministry of Finance's E-Invoice Integrated Service Platform and apply for e-invoice track numbers.
  • Paper Invoices:Apply to the National Taxation Bureau for a "Unified Invoice Purchasing Certificate" to purchase paper invoices.
  • Required items :Required items: Original approval letter from the Administration of Commerce, original company registration form, original tax registration approval letter, original dual IDs of the person in charge, official company stamps (large and small), invoice stamp, etc.
  1. Converting "Preparatory Account" into "Official Company Account" (Bank)
  • Process:Process: The account opener goes to the original bank to officially rename and convert the preparatory office account into an official branch office bank account. Only at this stage can funds be freely utilized.
  • Required items :Required items: Original approval letter from the Ministry of Economic Affairs, original branch office establishment registration form, copy of the tax registration approval letter, dual IDs of the account opener, and official corporate stamps (large and small).
  1. Subsequent Daily Operations Work
  • 14.1 Certification for Administration and Commerce (MOEACA IC Card):Apply at the MOEA Certification Authority for online tax filing, labor/health insurance, e-invoicing, and other operations.
  • 14.2 Import/Export Exporter/Importer Registration:If engaged in trading business, register with the International Trade Administration, Ministry of Economic Affairs. According to Article 4 of the Regulations Governing Registration of Exporters and Importers, the English name of the branch must indicate its nationality and branch status (e.g., must include the nationality name and the "Taiwan Branch" text), otherwise it will be rejected.
  • 14.3 Establishing Insured Units:Set up labor insurance, health insurance, and labor pension contribution accounts with the Bureau of Labor Insurance and the National Health Insurance Administration.
  • 14.4 Work Permit and Residency: Apply to the Ministry of Labor for a foreigner work permit for the branch manager. Once obtained, the manager can apply to or change their long-term Alien Residence Certificate (ARC) at the Immigration Agency to legally reside, work, and live in Taiwan.